Melasma is also known as ‘Mask of pregnancy’ as it is most commonly seen due to hormonal changes following pregnancy. Other than hormonal imbalance, melasma can occur due to any genetic predisposition, excessive exposure to sun and sequelae of any skin irritation. It can also be caused in women on oral contraceptives or hormonal therapy. It is most commonly seen affecting the women as compared to men. They appear as dark or tanned irregular macular patches. They are flat, well-demarcated hyperpigmented patches which develop gradually over a period of time. These patches most commonly occur in the centro-facial and malar region. They are seen to appear on cheeks, nasal bridge, perioral areas, forehead and chin region. Melanin, a pigment in the skin, is important for the protection of skin against Ultra-Violet radiation. However, excessive melanin production leads to melasma. The melanocyte which are the key cells in the synthesis of melanin are triggered due to known or unknown factors leading to excessive production of melanocytes.
Evidence- based reviews have found that most effective therapy for the treatment of melasma include various topical and systemic agents. Topical agents used in the treatment of melasma include tranexamic acid cream, glutathione cream, topical melatonin and various pigment correcting serums. While the systemically administered for the treatment of melasma are oral tranexamic acid, oral melatonin and various antioxidant therapy. Lately, Cysteamine hydrochloride as topical ointment have shown its use in the treatment of melasma.
Cysteamine hydrochloride is a chemical compound derived from mammals, including humans. They are formed by degradation of coenzyme A. Cysteamine helps in the reduction in the amount of an amino acid named ‘cystine’ in the body. Cysteamine has been used years to treat Nephrotic cystinosis. Nephrotic cystinosis is a genetic condition that occurs due to increase production of cystine in the kidneys and other organs. This overproduction causes kidney failure and eventually multi-organ failure and death. Cysteamine is sold under the brand name of Cystagon. It is also available in topical formulation in the concentration of 5%.
When applied topically, it acts as a scavenging agent and scavenges the free radicals and lightens the skin. It has shown its use in darkened and tanned areas, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sun exposed skin darkening and Melasma. It can thus be called as a depigmentation agent and is more effective than hydroquinone, retinoids and topical steroids. A study on the Tranexamic acid versus cysteamine cream has proven that cysteamine creams is better than tranexamic cream.
Mechanism Of Action Of Cysteamine Hydrochloride:
- Inhibits the tyrosinase and peroxidase formation.
- Dopaquinone quenching
- Inhibition of Iron and copper ion quenching i.e. Fenton-type reactions.
- Increases intracellular glutathione
- Reduces melanin in stratum corneum.
Various Uses Of Cysteamine Hydrochloride:
Cystine Depletion: Cystinosis Antioxidant Effect
Changing Enzymatic Actvity: Cystinosis, Huntington’s disease, malaria
Changing Gene Expressions: Schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, major depression, cancer
Effect Of Cysteamine In Melasma:
Cysteamine Hydrochloride which is a natural intracellular antioxidant, has a depigmenting action. Cysteamine functions by inhibition of melanin synthesis and not through a melano-cytotoxic effect. It has also proved its efficacy in the treatment of melasmas resistant to conventional melasma treatments. It has a high safety profile as it is anti- carcinogenic. It has proved to replace other mutagenic and potentially hazardous depigmenting agents. Kligman’s formula for dark spots treatment includes the use of Hydroquinone 5%, Tretinoin 0.5-1%, betamethasone 1%. Cysteamine is highly effective in contrast to Kligman’s formula makes it a very promising alternative for the treatment of melasma.
Chemical peeling in Mumbai is a popular cosmetic treatment that has been used for years to rejuvenate the skin. It is a non-invasive procedure that can help reduce the appearance of fine lines, age spots, and wrinkles. Chemical peeling involves applying a chemical solution to the skin that causes the top layer of the skin to peel off, revealing smoother, younger-looking skin.
What is Chemical Peel Treatment?
Chemical peel treatment in Mumbai is a popular cosmetic treatment involving a chemical solution to remove the damaged outer layer of the skin. The solution causes the skin to exfoliate and eventually peel off, revealing smoother younger-looking skin. Chemical peeling can be performed on the face, neck, hands, and other body parts. It can help improve the appearance of acne scars, sun-damaged skin, fine lines, wrinkles, and age spots. However, Chemical Peeling Cost in Mumbai may vary depending on many factors, including the type of peel, the size of the treatment area, and the complexity of the procedure. The chemical peel treatment cost in India depends on the skin type, concerns, and desired results.
Types of Chemical Peels in Mumbai
There are three types of chemical peels: superficial, medium, and deep. Superficial chemical peels are the mildest type and are used to treat minor skin imperfections, such as uneven skin tone and texture. Medium chemical peels penetrate deeper into the skin and can help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Deep chemical peels are the most aggressive type and can help improve the appearance of deep wrinkles, scars, and sun-damaged skin.
CONCLUSION:
Cysteamine acts as an intrinsic antioxidant and has a proven high safety profile. It’s anti-ionizing, anti-tumour, anti-carcinogenic and anti-mutagenic properties proves it to be one of the best chemical peel in India and has made it more acceptable than any other pigmenting agents. If you are looking for the best chemical peel treatment in Mumbai, Dr. Mohan Thomas Aesthetics has the best chemical peel in India that will help you to enhance the skin’s appearance. Our chemical peeling in Mumbai abades the skin and peels the top layer off, giving you smooth and toned skin. Recent studies have proved its anti-oxidant action and thus used for the treatment of melasma. Studies have also proved its supremacy over Kligman’s formula has made it as a first option in the treatment of melasma.